This book explores the different images of totalitarianism in 20th century literature and the capacity of the theory of Natural Semantic Metalanguage to be adopted in a comparative literary study in the analysis of four totalitarian literary works written in Polish and English, together with their translation into English and Polish respectively. The key question addressed here is the totalitarian experience, which, it is assumed, conditions the literary reflections of the regime provided by Aldous Huxley, George Orwell, Czesław Miłosz and Tadeusz Konwicki. Brief biographical details are provided with regards to each of the writers and their private experiences are linked with the works they published. Additionally, key concepts are named for each of the works subject to discussion, and it is their cross-linguistic analysis carried out within the NSM framework that forms the core of the book.