This book very carefully explains the fundamental processes of evolutionary genetics such as mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and speciation. It discusses the role of these concepts in evolution and what the consequences are of their overacting and depressive behavior. It gives an up-to-date overview of the studies on Evolutionary Genetics and the fundamentals of the relationships between genetics and evolution irrespective of the environment organisms inhabit. Further discussion can be found on the structure of genetics, theories of Darwin and Mendel, evolutionary mechanisms, and genetics and species formation, gene flow, phenotypic evolution, behavioral genetics, genetics and developmental evolution, genetic manipulation, and control of convergent evolution, theory of adaptation in animals and transmission of adaptive changes to the next generation, possible variations in natural populations and their causes, and finally the origin of new genes and their impacts on evolutionary process and phenotypic expressions.